Pharmacology I practical

The main purpose of the subject is to understand what drugs do to the living
organisms and how their effects can be applied to therapeutics. The subject covers the information about the drugs like, mechanism of action, physiological and biochemical effects (pharmacodynamics) as well as absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (pharmacokinetics) along with the adverse effects, clinical uses, interactions, doses, contraindications and routes of administration of different classes of drugs.

Upon completion of this course the student should be able to
1. Understand the pharmacological actions of different categories of drugs
2. Explain the mechanism of drug action at organ system/sub cellular/
macromolecular levels.
3. Apply the basic pharmacological knowledge in the prevention and treatment of
various diseases.

4. Observe the effect of drugs on animals by simulated experiments
5. Appreciate correlation of pharmacology with other bio medical sciences

1. Introduction to experimental pharmacology.
2. Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology.
3. Study of common laboratory animals.
4. Maintenance of laboratory animals as per CPCSEA guidelines.
5. Common laboratory techniques. Blood withdrawal, serum and plasma separation,
anesthetics and euthanasia used for animal studies.
6. Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.
7. Study of effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on the phenobarbitone
sleeping time in mice.
8. Effect of drugs on ciliary motility of frog oesophagus
9. Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.
10. Effects of skeletal muscle relaxants using rota-rod apparatus.
11. Effect of drugs on locomotor activity using actophotometer.
12. Anticonvulsant effect of drugs byMES and PTZ method.
13. Study of stereotype and anti-catatonic activity of drugs on rats/mice.
14. Study of anxiolytic activity of drugs using rats/mice.
15. Study of local anesthetics by different methods

Session Plan

experiment1

Introduction to experimental pharmacology

https://www.google.com/search?q=introduction+of+pharmacology+slideshare&rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&oq=introduction+of+pharmacology+&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l7j0i22i30l2.14033j0j15&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Experiment 2

Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology.https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01M-Cqo8JEOCi31Ee8E_KSGIZoVlA%3A1615194743117&ei=d-pFYKHLBoKm9QOSwIDQCA&q=Commonly+used+instruments+in+experimental+pharmacology.&oq=Commonly+used+instruments+in+experimental+pharmacology.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjoHCCMQ6gIQJ1Di-gdY4voHYP7_B2gCcAJ4AIABpgOIAZcGkgEFMy0xLjGYAQCgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjh4p-nraDvAhUCU30KHRIgAIoQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 3

Study of common laboratory animals.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk004Azxccrmo_QdYEAa2tBaV_Tucxw%3A1615194886271&ei=ButFYNKJENXl9QPu-b2QBg&q=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&oq=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjoHCCMQ6gIQJ1DUgwpY1IMKYMOQCmgBcAJ4AIABvgKIAfsEkgEDMy0ymAEAoAEBoAECqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjSpMHrraDvAhXVcn0KHe58D2IQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 4

Study of common laboratory animals.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk004Azxccrmo_QdYEAa2tBaV_Tucxw%3A1615194886271&ei=ButFYNKJENXl9QPu-b2QBg&q=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&oq=Study+of+common+laboratory+animals.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjoHCCMQ6gIQJ1DUgwpY1IMKYMOQCmgBcAJ4AIABvgKIAfsEkgEDMy0ymAEAoAEBoAECqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjSpMHrraDvAhXVcn0KHe58D2IQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 5

Common laboratory techniques. Blood withdrawal, serum and plasma separation, anesthetics and euthanasia used for animal studies.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk031i46HFCPJwjWFzpvY9NaMPEz5xA%3A1615195462620&ei=Ru1FYK2vJcvgrQHp97zoDQ&q=Common+laboratory+techniques.+Blood+withdrawal%2C+serum+and+plasma+separation%2C+anesthetics+and+euthanasia+used+for+animal+studies.&oq=Common+laboratory+techniques.+Blood+withdrawal%2C+serum+and+plasma+separation%2C+anesthetics+and+euthanasia+used+for+animal+studies.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECcyBwgjEOoCECdQ6tsEWOrbBGDo5QRoAnACeACAAZgEiAGYBJIBAzUtMZgBAaABAaABAqoBB2d3cy13aXqwAQrAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwit6qr-r6DvAhVLcCsKHek7D90Q4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 6

Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 7

Study of effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on the phenobarbitone
sleeping time in mice.https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk03rQdI-dJjq1Un000eLIhCgMhbPig%3A1615195630046&ei=7u1FYOWfApnVrtoPkMOY-AE&q=Study+of+effect+of+hepatic+microsomal+enzyme+inducers+on+the+phenobarbitone+sleeping+time+in+mice.&oq=Study+of+effect+of+hepatic+microsomal+enzyme+inducers+on+the+phenobarbitone+sleeping+time+in+mice.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBAgAEB46BwgjEOoCECdQ3-YDWN_mA2CK8ANoAXACeACAAfwCiAGkBZIBBTItMS4xmAEAoAEBoAECqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjlzpXOsKDvAhWZqksFHZAhBh8Q4dUDCA4&uact=5

Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 8

Effect of drugs on ciliary motility of frog oesophagus

cilliary motility

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 9

Effects of skeletal muscle relaxants using rota-rod apparatus.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk03u-uIVIqxQdBQ9fCohvT8W-UXn1w:1615196203845&q=Effects+of+skeletal+muscle+relaxants+using+rotarod+apparatus.&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwitz-PfsqDvAhVQAXIKHdWMD_0QBSgAegQIAxAw&biw=1366&bih=625

Experiment 10

Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.

Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.ttps://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01Py4-rpan0SIvbGpuKe_1DcRaQHw%3A1615195542762&ei=lu1FYM_8LZeR9QPbqprYBw&q=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&oq=Study+of+different+routes+of+drugs+administration+in+mice%2Frats.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCAgAEBYQChAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUK2WBVitlgVgnp0FaAJwAngAgAGBAogBgQKSAQMyLTGYAQGgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjPn8aksKDvAhWXSH0KHVuVBnsQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 11

Effect of drugs on locomotor activity using actophotometer.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&biw=1366&bih=625&sxsrf=ALeKk01LERyDb8NTdM_Bp_Hj4CzLQ-ZxXA%3A1615196216805&ei=OPBFYKzVMMeR9QPAk7uYDA&q=Effect+of+drugs+on+locomotor+activity+using+actophotometer.&oq=Effect+of+drugs+on+locomotor+activity+using+actophotometer.&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeOgcIIxDqAhAnUKejCVinowlgwaoJaAFwAngAgAHLAogBlAWSAQMzLTKYAQCgAQGgAQKqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwis0frlsqDvAhXHSH0KHcDJDsMQ4dUDCA4&uact=5

Experiment 12

Anticonvulsant effect of drugs byMES and PTZ method.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGRV_enIN864IN864&sxsrf=ALeKk01RfSoACU10lgOO51eYRL-dpE-ZAA:1615196433672&q=Anticonvulsant+effect+of+drugs+by+MES+and+PTZ+method.&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjbkq_Ns6DvAhVLfSsKHbrYAK0QBSgAegQIAxAw&biw=1366&bih=625